Muhammad PBUH, Religious Leader of the Muslim World
About
Muhammad Islam founded the Muslim religion, society, and politics, teaching monotheistic teachings of Adam, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and other prophets. There is a belief within Islam that he is the Seal of the Prophets. Muhammad’s teachings, the Quran, and religious practices formed the Islamic polity.
What was Muhammad like? Qur’an, Islam’s sacred scripture, was authored by Muhammad. He lived in Saudi Arabia from birth in 570 CE to his death in 632.
Genealogy History
The year 570 CE was the year Muhammad was born in Mecca. Abd al-Muttalib was the son of Abdullah ibn Abd al-Muttalib and Amina bint Wahb. A few months before Muhammad’s birth, Abdullah, the son of a Quraysh tribal leader, died. Amina, Muhammad’s mother, died when he was six. Mecca was the birthplace of Muhammad in 570 CE. HM’s parents were Abdullah and Amina bint e Wahab. Muhammad’s father, Abdullah, died several months before Muhammad’s birth. Muhammad was an orphan when his mother, Amina, died when he was six.
Followers of Mohammad
There were few followers of Muhammad at first, and the Meccan polytheists attacked him for 13 years. His followers fled to Abyssinia in 615 to escape ongoing persecution, and later in 622, he and his followers decided to migrate to Medina (then known as Yathrib). Hijra is the event that marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar as well as the Hijri calendar. Muhammad united the tribes of Medina under the Constitution of Medina. Following eight years of intermittent fighting with Meccan tribes, Muhammad led an army of 10,000 Muslim converts to Mecca in December 629. There was little bloodshed during Muhammad’s conquest. After returning from the Farewell Pilgrimage, he fell ill and died a few months later. The majority of the Arabian Peninsula had adopted Islam by the time of his death.
Sunnah
Ayah – literally, “Sign [of God]” – are revelations Muhammad reported receiving until his death. Islam says the Quran is the verbatim “Word of God.” Islam also utilizes Muhammad’s teachings and practices (sunnah), recorded in Hadith and sira (biography) literature, as sources of law. Muhammad’s example, as recorded in his hadith, was given priority over precedents established by other authorities after he was influenced by the scholar Al-Shafi’i late in the second century of Islam. The term al-sunnah eventually came to refer to Muhammad’s sunnah, as reported in hadiths. Arabians also recorded the sunnah once they converted to Islam, bringing this custom.
Brief biography
Quran
While the Quran is relevant to Islam, it is not its only source of authority. According to Muslims, it represents the words of God revealed to Muhammad by the archangel Gabriel. The Quran provides minimal help in tracing Muhammad’s chronological biography. Most Quranic verses need more historical context. The Quran is considered by Muslims to be the literal word of God, not just divinely inspired. Because Muhammad could not write, he did not write it. Tradition has it that several of Muhammad’s companions served as scribes and recorded the revelations. After the prophet’s death, his companions compiled the Quran using parts they had memorized or written down. Uthman established a standard version of the Quran, now known as the Uthmanic codex, which is generally regarded as the archetype of the Quran. There are, however, variant readings, mostly with minor differences in meaning. About Islam
Early Biographies Introduction
Historical works from the second and third centuries of the Muslim era (AH – 8th and 9th centuries CE) contain important information about Muhammad’s life. There are also traditional Muslim biographies of Muhammad, which provide additional insight into Muhammad’s life.
Ibn Ishaq’s Life of God’s Messenger is the earliest written sira (Biographies and Quotations of Muhammad), 767 CE (150 AH).
It is necessary to recover the sira in its original form from the works of Al-Tabari and Ibn Hisham. Nevertheless, Ibn Hisham noted in his preface that he omitted certain information from Ibn Ishaq’s Biography “that may distress certain people. “Several early history sources include Al-Waqidi’s (died 207 AH) history of Muhammad’s campaigns and Ibn Sa’d Al-Baghdadi’s (died 230 AH) biography. History Islam
It is necessary to recover the sira in its original form from the works of Al-Tabari and Ibn Hisham. Nevertheless, Ibn Hisham noted in his preface that he omitted certain information from Ibn Ishaq’s Biography “that may Distress certain People.”Several early history sources include Al-Waqidi’s (died 207 AH) history of Muhammad’s campaigns and Ibn Sa’d Al- Baghdadi’s (died 230 AH) Biography.
Hadith
Other significant sources include the hadith collections and accounts of verbal and physical teachings and traditions Attributed to Muhammad. Muslims Compiled Hadiths several generations after his death, including Muhammad Al-Bukhari, Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj, Muhammad ibn Isa at-Tirmidhi, Abd Ar-Rahman al-Nasai, Abu Dawood, Ibn Majah, Malik ibn Anas, Al-Daraqutni. More Information
Some Western academics cautiously view Hadith collections as Accurate sources of Historical information. Rather than Disregard later narrations, scholars like Madelung examine their compatibility with historical events and figures. As opposed to biographical literature, Muslim scholars tend to emphasize hadiths more than biographical literature since hadiths maintain a traditional chain of Transmission (isnad); since the biographical literature lacks a chain of communication, it is Unreliable in their eyes.
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